Case Study: Kalymnos

The Greek island of Kalymnos is one of the most popular climbing destinations in the world, boasting world-class limestone cliffs and year-round climbing conditions. Since the 1990s, climbers have bolted more than 3,400 routes. The presence of climbers has reshaped the economy of the island and dramatically extended the tourism season. Thousands of climbers visit Kalymnos each year, but exact numbers are unknown. A handful of volunteers dedicate their time and resources toward the development and safety of the island. As Kalymnos grows more and more popular as a climbing holiday destination, issues are emerging. From environmental impact to tensions surrounding funding for maintenance, Kalymnos provides a unique lens into the challenges faced by a climbing community at a later stage of development. This case also offers insights into the benefits of collaboration between stakeholders—and foreshadows the consequences of inaction.